Himiâ tverdogo topliva

ISSN(Print): 0023-1177

Media registration certificate: No. 0110273 dated 02/09/1993

Founder: Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N.D. Zelinsky RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences

Editor-in-Chief: Lapidus Albert Lvovich

Number of issues per year: 6

Indexation: RISC, list of Higher Attestation Commissions, CrossRef, White List (level 2)

 

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No 1 (2025)

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Articles

Thermotropic plugging material for strengthening rocks and preventing liquid and steam breakthroughs in oil mines
Altunina L.K., Kuvshinov I.V., Kuvshinov V.A., Stasyeva L.A., Kozlov V.V.
Abstract

The article presents the results of laboratory studies and pilot tests of plugging materials developed by a team of authors to eliminate steam and water breakthroughs into oil mine workings, and to fill voids in rock massifs in places where steam breakthroughs occur. Conclusions are made on the influence of individual components of the compositions, which allows them to be combined to achieve the required properties of the material. The tests were carried out at an experimental section of the Yaregskoye oil mine and showed the effectiveness of the developed materials. It is planned to further develop this work, including testing the plugging compositions for surface steam injection wells.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):3-11
pages 3-11 views
Rhysicochemical and rheological properties of cryogels produced from aqueous solutions of polyvinil alcohol
Manzhai V.N.
Abstract

A research-based mechanism for cryostructuring aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol, i.e., converting solutions from a fluid state into elastic bodies (cryogels), is proposed. In addition to the theoretical substantiation of the mechanism, experimental results of rheological and spectral studies of the cryogels obtained are also presented. An explanation is given for the significant difference between the cryostructuring temperature of an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and the melting temperature of formed elastic cryogels.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):12-19
pages 12-19 views
Comparative evaluation of oil displacement abikity of a new chemical composition based on DES and surfactants with IKhN-PRO composition
Sholidodov М.R., Kozlov V.V., Altunina L.K., Saidentsal A.R.
Abstract

The paper presents the results of comparative evaluation of oil displacement ability of a new composition based on deep eutectic solvents (DES), surfactants and IKhN-PRO composition previously developed in IPC SB RAS. Laboratory modelling of oil displacement process of heavy oil of Usinsk field on models of heterogeneous reservoir with carbonate type of reservoir showed that both compositions have high oil displacement ability in a wide temperature range, opening the possibility of their use at any stage of field development.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):20-25
pages 20-25 views
Colloidal dispersion properties of oil emulsions in an electromagnetic field
Loskutova J.V., Yudina N.V.
Abstract

The effect of electromagnetic field on colloidal dispersion properties of water-oil emulsions of two resinous low paraffin oils is studied. It is shown that the maximum result of water-oil emulsion stratification is achieved after 15 minute treatment at a frequency of 250 Hz and a voltage of 17 kV for 10 wt % of emulsions and 500 Hz and 15 kV for 30 wt % of emulsions, respectively. With increasing time of emulsion treatment, the size and number of droplets in the oil phase decrease and the residual water content of the treated emulsions after stratification does not exceed 0.5 wt %. In an electromagnetic field, the drop-drop coalescence process in the emulsion is intensified due to the rapid destruction of the armor shells of water globules, the formation of new resin-asphaltene aggregates of a larger or smaller size, and the redistribution of components between the dispersion medium and the dispersed phase.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):26-32
pages 26-32 views
Influence of resins and additives on the process of sedimentation in paraffin oils
Werner A.N., Prozorova I.V., Yudina N.V.
Abstract

The formation of sludge in high-paraffin oil with added resins of various compositions and an inhibiting additive is investigated. It is found out that the amount of sludge decreases with an increase in the concentration of additives of resins with a lower surface tension value and a higher content of aromatic structures and heteroatomic components in their composition. With an increase in the fraction of resins with enhanced aliphaticity and the content of polysubstituted aromatic structures, an increase in the amount of oil sludge, and a decrease in the efficiency of the additive occur. The observed decrease of low-molecular n-alkane fraction and the reduction in average sizes of paraffin hydrocarbon aggregates are due to an increase in the amount of additives of petroleum resins in the composition of asphaltene–resin–paraffin deposits.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):33-39
pages 33-39 views
Microstrustureof asphaltenes of bituminous oils
Kovalenko E.Y., Cheshkova T.V., Cherednichenko K.A., Sagachenko T.A., Min R.S.
Abstract

The microstructure and functional composition of asphaltenes of bituminous oils from the Ashalchinskoye (Permian), Usinskoye (Permian-Carbon) and Nurlatskoye (Devonian) fields (referred to here as the Ashalchinskaya, Usinskaya and Nurlatskaya oils, respectively) and their high- and low-molecular components are studied using infrared spectroscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that asphaltenes of the Ashalchinskaya oil are characterized by smooth surface, while those of the Usinskaya and Nurlatskaya oils – by rough and porous surfaces. The sizes of asphaltene nanoaggregates of the Usinskaya and Nurlatskaya oils are smaller than those of the Ashalchinskaya oil, while the asphaltene nanoaggregates of oils from the Ashalchinskaya and Nurlatskaya oils form disordered tangled structures. A distinctive feature of the Usinskaya oil asphaltenes is the presence of better-ordered layers, which are typically associated with crystal-like formations. Asphaltenes of Ashalchinskaya and Nurlatskaya oils are characterized by enhanced aromaticity and branching of aliphatic substituents of their macromolecules, as well as a high relative content of the fragments with a sulfoxide group. Their high-molecular asphaltenes are less aromatic than the low-molecular ones, and the conditional content of carbonyl and sulfoxide groups in their composition is lower. The content of aliphatic fragments and those containing carbonyl groups in the Usinskaya oil asphaltenes is higher. The content of sulfoxide and carbonyl groups in high-molecular asphaltenes of this oil is lower than that in low-molecular asphaltenes, while the content of aromatic fragments is, on the contrary, higher.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):40-48
pages 40-48 views
Ultrasonic treatment conditions on the properties of emulsions
Volkova G.I., Smirnova E.Y.
Abstract

The influence of ultrasonic treatment modes on microstructure and structural-rheological properties of emulsions of oils with distilled and formation water was investigated. Emulsions were treated in ultrasonic field (frequency 22 kHz, intensity 2, 6 and 18 W/cm2). The microstructure of emulsions was studied using an optical microscope AXIO LAB.A1 (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The dispersion analysis of emulsion micrographs was carried out and the influence of processing conditions, type of dispersed phase on the average particle size, dispersibility and position of the maximum of the size distribution of water droplets in the emulsion was revealed. Rheological parameters of emulsions before and after ultrasonic treatment were studied using HAAKE Viscotester iQ rotational viscometer (ThermoScientific, USA). For high-viscosity oil with high content of resinous-asphaltene components after ultrasonic treatment in pulse mode at field intensity of 6 W/cm2 and 2 modes (5 cycles with 10 s of operation and 10 s of pause; 10 cycles with 5 s of operation and 5 s of pause) a decrease in the degree of dispersibility of water droplets was observed.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):49-58
pages 49-58 views
Changes in the molecular structure of asphaltenes during cracking of tars in the presence of calcium acetate
Goncharov A.V., Krivtsov E.B.
Abstract

The results of investigation of asphaltenes isolated from liquid products of initiated cracking of two tar samples at 500°C in the presence of calcium acetate additive are presented. Characteristic changes in the composition of cracking products depending on the amount of the additive are shown. It is established that the formation of solid products of compaction depends not only on the initial content of asphaltenes, but also on their structure. Changes in the structure-group parameters of asphaltenes in the process of initiated cracking of tar sands have been studied. A distinctive feature of tar cracking in the presence of calcium acetate is that the use of the additive promotes both the destruction of structural blocks and a significant decrease in their number in the composition of asphaltene molecules. In addition, due to the destruction of aliphatic substituents and naphthenic cycles, the averaged asphaltene molecules become more compact and the proportion of condensed aromatic structures in their composition increases significantly.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):59-66
pages 59-66 views
Hydrocarbons composition of thermal and catalytic cracking products of asphaltens, derived in supercritical water medium
Nal’gieva K.V., Pevneva G.S., Voronetskaya N.G., Kopytov M.A.
Abstract

The hydrocarbon composition of oils of asphaltene cracking products has been studied. The experiments were conducted in three different modes: without the use of additives (without water and catalysts – a “control experiment”), in a supercritical water environment without a catalyst and in a supercritical water environment with a catalyst based on iron oxides. Cracking was carried out in a reactor at a temperature of 450°C, the duration of the experiment was 60 minutes, the catalyst was obtained in situ from tris – acetylacetonate of iron(III). The individual hydrocarbon composition of the oils isolated from cracking products was determined using chromato-mass spectral analysis on the quadrupole system GCMS-QP5050A “Shimadzu”. The hydrocarbon composition of asphaltene cracking products obtained in supercritical water differs in qualitative and quantitative characteristics from products obtained without water. When cracking asphaltenes in the water environment, the composition changes significantly compared to the “control experiment”, an increase in the proportion of saturated hydrocarbons is noted. The cracking products obtained in water with the addition of a catalyst are also dominated by saturated hydrocarbons, while the content of phthalates, alkenes and sulfur-containing compounds significantly increases.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):67-74
pages 67-74 views
Resins transformation in the cracking of high sulfur vaccum residue
Goncharov A.V., Krivtsov E.B.
Abstract

The results of the study of resins isolated from liquid cracking products of sulfuric vacuum residue from Omsk refinery are presented. Thermal treatment was carried out at 500 °C and duration of 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. It was found that with increasing duration of vacuum residue cracking there is an increase in coke yield due to condensation of resins into asphaltenes and further into coke. Using the data of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental composition and results of molecular weight measurement the changes of structural-group parameters of resins in the process of cracking were established. The averaged resin molecules become more condensed, characterized by an increased content of aromatic fragments, a decrease in the number of naphthenic fragments and the number of aliphatic substituents. The totality of data on changes in the composition of cracking products, together with the analysis of sulfur distribution in the composition of products, indicates a significant contribution of sulfur-containing structural fragments of resins to the accumulation of thiophene derivatives. It is shown that cracking of resins is accompanied by formation of a wide range of low-molecular-weight sulfur-containing compounds that are incorporated into oils.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):75-81
pages 75-81 views
Assessment of structural changes in resins and asphaltenes depending on the duration of cracking using structural group analysis
Pevneva G.S., Voronetskaya N.G., Goncharov А.V.
Abstract

Changes in structural parameters of secondary resins and asphaltenes formed upon the cracking of asphaltenes, resins and their mixture were assessed at different process durations. Resins and asphaltenes isolated from heavy methane crude of Zyuzeevskoye oil field (Tatarstan) and their mixture (Resins + Asphaltenes) were cracked in a closed reactor at 450°C for 60, 90 and 120 minutes. With increasing the duration of resins and asphaltene cracking, condensation reactions leading to an increase in the yield of coke and the formation of low-molecular-weight, highly aromatic secondary resin and asphaltene molecules accelerated. It was found that the directions of thermal transformations of resin and asphaltene molecules are similar. The joint presence of resins and asphaltenes in a mixture changed the direction on their thermal transformations in the course of cracking, which was reflected in the quantitative data on the mass balance and structural parameters of secondary resins and asphaltenes formed upon the cracking of a mixture of resins with asphaltenes. Differences in the structural characteristics of resins and asphaltenes formed upon the cracking of single-component samples and their mixtures were revealed.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):82-89
pages 82-89 views
Changes in the composition of polyaromatic hydrocarbons of Siberian oil shales under modeling of thermal processes
Korol I.S., Mukhortina N.A., Chuikina D.I., Krasnoyarova N.A.
Abstract

The results of studies of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in oil shales (HS) of Barzasskoye (Barzassite) and Budagovskoye (Sapropelite) deposits and their ash residues obtained by thermal degradation at T = 300, 500 and 750°C with free oxygen access are presented. The complex of physicochemical methods of analysis (extraction, infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography) allowed to establish the composition of priority PAHs of oil shale and trace the changes occurring under thermal influence. As a result of the performed work it is shown that the yield of ash residues of oil shale is dependent on the initial composition of HS, ranging from 5 to 82 wt % depending on the temperature of degradation. PAH content in ash residues does not exceed 9.5 wt %.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):90-99
pages 90-99 views
Indicators of diesel fuel infiltration into Arctic peat soils
Fedorov D.V., Serebrennikova O.V., Krasnoyarova N.A., Elchaninova E.A.
Abstract

The infiltration of diesel fuel (DF) into an Arctic peat deposit 3 months after its contamination is considered. Concentration of pollutants (92%) in the upper 0–10 cm of the section is revealed. Qualitative and quantitative parameters of the distribution of DF components in peat under Arctic conditions are analyzed, which suggest a gel-filtration mechanism for differentiation of DF composition in a peat deposit.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):100-105
pages 100-105 views
Structural modification of humic acids in a barrier discharge plasma
Yudina N.V., Ryabov A.Y., Kudryashov S.V., Zherebtsov S.I., Votolin K.S., Shpakodrayev K.M., Malyshenko N.V.
Abstract

The paper presents the results of the initiation of chemical transformations of humic acids (HA) in a barrier discharge plasma. The HA were treated with ammonia vapor in the presence of various gaseous media like ethylene, air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and mixtures of argon. The method of EPR spectroscopy has revealed a decrease in the number of paramagnetic centers after treatment of HA in a barrier discharge. This suggests the recombination of free radicals in their structure. As revealed by IR spectroscopy, the intensity of the band at 1383 cm–1 corresponding to the NO3 group increased when HA were exposed to discharge plasma in air. When HA were treated with ammonia vapor in an argon atmosphere, ammonium humate was formed, which is completely soluble in water.

Himiâ tverdogo topliva. 2025;(1):106-112
pages 106-112 views