Биодоступность полициклических ароматических углеводородов в почвах, загрязненных аэральными пылевыми выпадениями
- Авторы: Завгородняя Ю.А.1, Демин В.В.1
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Учреждения:
- МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова
- Выпуск: № 2 (2025)
- Страницы: 245–262
- Раздел: ХИМИЯ ПОЧВ
- URL: https://kld-journal.fedlab.ru/0032-180X/article/view/680880
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032180X25020078
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/COPTOE
- ID: 680880
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Аннотация
Проведен модельный эксперимент по биодеградации полициклических ароматических углеводородов (ПАУ) в верхних горизонтах городских почв с различным содержанием органического вещества. В образцы почвы вносили содержащие ПАУ аэральные пылевые выпадения, почву инкубировали при постоянной влажности и температуре. На 1, 51, 102, 190 и 365 сут в почве определяли общее содержание и содержание потенциально биодоступной фракции фенантрена, пирена и бенз(a)пирена. Суммарное содержание ПАУ, определенное исчерпывающей экстракцией, и количество их потенциально биодоступной фракции, экстрагируемой н-бутанолом, экспоненциально снижалось в течение 365 дней эксперимента как в контрольных образцах, так и в смесях с атмосферной пылью. Скорость биодеградации ПАУ была пропорциональна абсолютному содержанию их биодоступной фракции в почвах и для почвы с высоким содержанием органического вещества обратно коррелировала с гидрофобностью исследованных ПАУ. Относительное содержание биодоступной фракции для фенантрена и пирена уменьшалось в ходе эксперимента, но оставалось практически постоянным для бенз(a)пирена. На основании полученных результатов предложена концептуальная схема трансформации ПАУ аэральных пылевых выпадений в почвах, в которой при оценке биодоступности ПАУ учитываются не только молекулярные параметры полиаренов, но и фазовый состав содержащей ПАУ загрязняющей формы. Показано, что процедура определения потенциально биодоступной доли полиаренов в почве путем непосредственного измерения их концентрации в н-бутаноле параллельно с измерением общего содержания ПАУ может применяться как метод экологической оценки состояния ПАУ в городских почвах при прогнозировании скорости накопления и трансформации в них гидрофобных поллютантов.
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Ю. А. Завгородняя
МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: zyu99@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0583-2140
Россия, Ленинские горы, 1, Москва, 119991
В. В. Демин
МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова
Email: zyu99@mail.ru
Россия, Ленинские горы, 1, Москва, 119991
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