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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая лабораторная диагностика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2084</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-1320</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">641836</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/cld641836</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in the amino acid profile of cord blood plasma preceding the respiratory distress syndrome in premature newborns</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменения аминокислотного профиля плазмы пуповинной крови, предшествующие развитию респираторного дистресс-синдрома у недоношенных новорождённых</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5687-3976</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3681-1816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitskii</surname><given-names>Anton I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицкий</surname><given-names>Антон Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>sinitskiyai@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-3690</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6298-8131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinel</surname><given-names>Polina K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винель</surname><given-names>Полина Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vinelpolina@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8865-6412</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6365-0061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatrova</surname><given-names>Yulia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатрова</surname><given-names>Юлия Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>shatr20@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-7388</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7966-9068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsareva</surname><given-names>Valentina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царева</surname><given-names>Валентина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>semenovatsareva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5400-3043</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9614-1388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikov</surname><given-names>Artem S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевников</surname><given-names>Артем Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vk_523@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8483-0265</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3279-5957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusarova</surname><given-names>Evgeniya O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусарова</surname><given-names>Евгения Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Evgeniyagusarova89@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South-Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South-Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chelyabinsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Челябинская областная детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional perinatal center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областной перинатальный центр</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-13"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Sinitskii A.I., Vinel P.K., Shatrova Y.M., Tsareva V.V., Kozhevnikov A.S., Gusarova E.O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Синицкий А.И., Винель П.К., Шатрова Ю.М., Царева В.В., Кожевников А.С., Гусарова Е.О.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitskii A.I., Vinel P.K., Shatrova Y.M., Tsareva V.V., Kozhevnikov A.S., Gusarova E.O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицкий А.И., Винель П.К., Шатрова Ю.М., Царева В.В., Кожевников А.С., Гусарова Е.О.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-05-31"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kld-journal.fedlab.ru/0869-2084/article/view/641836">https://kld-journal.fedlab.ru/0869-2084/article/view/641836</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background:</bold><italic> </italic>Respiratory distress syndrome plays an important role in the structure of pathologies that have a significant impact on the life and health prognosis in premature infants,. Among neonatal respiratory disorders, its frequency is up to 46%. Improvement of the disease prognosis, prevention of complications, and pathogenetically based therapy requires a detailed study of metabolic disorders in this group of children.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold><italic> </italic>The study aimed to identify changes in the amino acid spectrum of cord blood plasma preceding respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold><italic> </italic>The study was conducted from May 2023 to September 2024. Cord blood was collected during vaginal and operative deliveries of premature babies at ≤36 weeks of gestation, taking into account the mother’s informed consent and non-inclusion/exclusion criteria. The included children were followed up until discharge. A confirmed diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome was recorded based on patient follow-up. Concentrations of amino acid in cord blood plasma were determined by capillary electrophoresis. Based on the patient follow-up and disease diagnosis, 2 groups were retrospectively formed: the comparison group included premature newborns who did not develop respiratory distress syndrome during the entire follow-up period (<italic>n</italic> = 49); the main group included patients with respiratory distress syndrome (<italic>n</italic> = 14).</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold><italic> </italic>In the main group, respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed within 24 hours after birth. Disease development was preceded by an increase in alanine concentration (by 61.1%), <italic>р</italic> = 0.007, and a decrease in relative levels of tryptophan (by 15.0%), histidine (by 12.1%), and citrulline (by 14.7%); <italic>p</italic> = 0.020, <italic>p</italic> = 0.007 and <italic>p</italic> = 0.016, respectively.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold><italic> </italic>Intrauterine amino acid metabolism disorders in premature infants become the basis for the development of severe diseases in the first days after birth. This study demonstrates changes in the amino acid profile of cord blood plasma reflecting the role of metabolic disorders of ornithine cycle-related amino acid metabolites, heterocyclic amino acids, and energy metabolism disorders in the respiratory distress syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>В структуре патологий, оказывающих существенное влияние на прогноз жизни и здоровья недоношенных детей, важное место отводится респираторному дистресс-синдрому, частота развития которого среди расстройств дыхания неонатального периода составляет до 46%. Совершенствование методов прогноза, профилактики осложнений и патогенетически обоснованной терапии заболевания требует детального изучения нарушений обмена у данной категории детей.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — выявление изменений аминокислотного спектра плазмы пуповинной крови, предшествующих развитию респираторного дистресс-синдрома у недоношенных детей.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследование проведено в период с мая 2023 г. по сентябрь 2024 г. Пуповинную кровь получали при физиологических и оперативных родах недоношенных новорождённых гестационного возраста 36 недель и менее с учётом информированного согласия матери и критериев невключения/исключения. Дети, включённые в исследование, наблюдались до выписки. По результатам наблюдения за пациентами регистрировали подтверждённый диагноз «респираторный дистресс-синдром». Определение концентрации аминокислот плазмы пуповинной крови производилось методом капиллярного электрофореза. По результатам наблюдения за пациентами и диагностики заболевания ретроспективно было сформировано 2 группы: группа сравнения — недоношенные новорождённые, у которых в течение всего периода наблюдения не развивался респираторный дистресс-синдром (<italic>n</italic>=49); основная группа — пациенты с респираторным дистресс-синдромом (<italic>n</italic>=14).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В основной группе в течение суток от момента рождения был диагностирован респираторный дистресс-синдром. Развитию заболевания предшествовало повышение концентрации аланина (на 61,1%), <italic>р</italic>=0,007, а также снижение относительных уровней триптофана (на 15,0%), гистидина (на 12,1%) и цитруллина (на 14,7%); <italic>p</italic>=0,020, <italic>p</italic>=0,007 и <italic>p</italic>=0,016 соответственно.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Нарушения обмена аминокислот у недоношенных детей, формирующиеся внутриутробно, становятся основой для развития тяжёлых заболеваний в первые дни после рождения. В настоящем исследовании продемонстрированы изменения аминокислотного профиля плазмы пуповинной крови, отражающие роль нарушений обмена аминокислот-метаболитов орнитинового цикла, гетероциклических аминокислот и нарушений энергетического обмена в развитии респираторного дистресс-синдрома.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>premature infants</kwd><kwd>respiratory distress syndrome of newborns</kwd><kwd>cord blood</kwd><kwd>amino acid profile</kwd><kwd>capillary electrophoresis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>недоношенные новорождённые</kwd><kwd>респираторный дистресс-синдром новорождённых</kwd><kwd>пуповинная кровь</kwd><kwd>аминокислотный профиль</kwd><kwd>капиллярный электрофорез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-25-10079</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Mironov PI, Gareev IZ, Alexandrovich YuS, Pshenisnov KV. 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