Vitamin D deficiency leads to deterioration of post-infarction remodeling of the left ventricle in rats

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Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial pathology, the progression of which is associated with the development of chronic heart failure (CHF) after a myocardial infarction (MI). Recent studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease and the severity of its course. Due to the lack of a unified understanding of the pathogenetic role of vitamin D deficiency, it is relevant to study the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. The purpose of the study. To study echocardiographic and morphological parameters of postinfarction myocardial remodeling in rats with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was modeled in male Wistar stock rats (n = 41) by feeding them for two months with Delta Feeds with zero vitamin D content, followed by IM modeling. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1st – the comparison group, 2nd – rats that did not receive cholecalciferol after MI, 3rd – those who received cholecalciferol after MI. Echocardiography was performed on a high-resolution ultrasound machine MyLabTouchSL 3116 on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment after IM modeling. Content 25(ОН)D in blood serum D was determined in 5 individuals from each group by the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Histological examination determined the size of the scar and assessed the severity of myocardial remodeling. Level of 25(OH)D in rats from group 3 was higher than in animals from comparison group 1 and group 2 (59.70 (50.50–64.80) nmol/L, 9.00 (8.12–9.54) nmol/l and 8.20 (7.60–8.31) nmol/l, respectively; p = 0.04). Cholecalciferol therapy was accompanied by a decrease in heart rate in group 3 compared with this indicator in group 2 (p = 0.0004) on day 30 after MI. Compared with group 3, animals from group 2 had a higher end diastolic size (EDS) (p = 0.002), end systolic size (ESS) (p = 0.002) and lower left ventricular shortness fraction (SF) (p = 0.002) and ejection fraction (EF) (p = 0.002) on days 30 and 60 after ischemic myocardial injury. The scar area as a percentage of the LV wall area, LV wall thickness in the area of the scar and interventricular septum (IVS), hypertrophy and dilation indices, taking into account the thickness of the LV walls, were higher in group 2 than in group 3 (p < 0.05). In an experimental MI model in rats with vitamin D deficiency, those who did not receive cholecalciferol therapy after MI had a significant development of myocardial hypertrophy, decreased left ventricular function, and a larger postinfarction scar area than those who received cholecalciferol.

About the authors

Z. I. Ionova

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: zhanna@ncmed.me
St. Petersburg, Russia

A. A. Karpov

Almazov National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

O. A. Berkovich

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

S. G. Cefu

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

L. A. Shilenko

Almazov National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

M. G. Butskikh

St. Petersburg Research Institute of ENT, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

A. K. A. Chervaev

Almazov National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

D. S. Chepurnaya

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

D. Y. Ivkin

St. Petersburg State University of Chemistry and Pharmacy Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

T. D. Vlasov

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

St. Petersburg, Russia

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