Improving the consideration of the risk of the occurrence of the cancer incidence in the system of socio-hygienic monitoring

Introduction. In the structure of the population prevalence in the Russian Federation, oncological diseases take the second place that defines the priority of the improvement of the consideration and adjustment of risk factors within the existing system of sanitary inspection. 

Material and methods. There was made the analysis of the radiation exposure to the population of the Rostov region by results of radiative and hygienic certification of the territory and by results of social-hygienic monitoring of population health in connection with environmental factors for the period 2006-2016. The subject of the analysis was the levels of the cancer prevalence and cancer mortality in the Rostov region and carcinogenic risks in comparison with the relevant priority factors.

Results. More than 80% of the total equivalent dose received by each resident of the Rostov region depends on technogenic changed natural radiation. The most regulable natural factor is the content of radon in the soil of the sites allocated under the construction and also volume activities of radon in the air of residential and public buildings. The existing normative base considering all these components and therefore further essential change of accounting of a dose load of the population from the natural investment is problematic. At the same time, more than 99% of radiation exposure to the population from technogenic sources depends on medical radiation. By comparison of the actual cancer morbidity of the population with the calculated one, it is established that only 16.75% are caused by those factors which are quantitatively considered in the system of social-hygienic monitoring.

Discussion. Medical radiation doesn't appear in the list of priority oncogenic factors and the radiative risk from medical radiation isn't distinguished in the system of social and hygienic monitoring in spite of the fact that it is provided in "The radiative and hygienic passport" of both territories, and the Russian Federation in general. Smoking as the main known reason for the cancer morbidity still presents in the list of risk factors. The radiation factor does not figure at all among the priority risk factors in the system of social and hygienic monitoring, and as a result, the components of radiation risk are not deciphered.

Conclusion. The measures of the optimization of the consideration of carcinogenic risks in the system of social-hygienic monitoring concerning the differentiated calculation of risks from radiative factors and including information on smoking of the population in the statistical forms provided by institutions of medical service of the a primary link are proposed.