Physiological characteristics of culturable prokaryotic communities of fumarole fields in the permafrost zone

The physiology and taxonomic composition of prokaryotic communities of various volcanogenic deposits were studied. Samples of fumarole and pyroclastic deposits, as well as primitive soils (Leptic Cryosols) were collected in such poorly studied areas as fumarole fields on the summits of volcanoes in Kamchatka, the Caucasus, Japan, and cinder fields on the slopes of a volcanic structure in Antarctica. In this work, a microbiological characterization of cultured aerobic heterotrophic bacteria from the fumarole field of the Hertz crater on the summit of Ushkovsky volcano (Russia, Kamchatka) was performed for the first time. A collection of isolates was created, including 105 strains of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria representatives of Bacillus, Cupriavidus, Labedella, Microbacterium, Paenibacillus, Peribacillus, Plantibacter, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus genus. Also, for the first time, an analysis of the physiological characteristics of the isolated strains was performed, such as temperature conditions of cultivation, pH of the medium, and NaCl concentration. The study found that tolerance to two or more stress factors was characteristic of 57.1% of the isolated strains, and tolerance to all three factors was characteristic of 24.8% of the isolated strains.