The impact of alkyl chain length on the properties of SiO2-based aerogels

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Abstract

Modified silica aerogels were obtained by co-gelation of tetramethoxysilane and acylated 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (with the general formula (MeO)3–Si–(CH2)3–NHC(O)–R), followed by supercritical drying in CO2. Methyl esters of acetic, valeric, pelargonic, and stearic acids were used as acylating agents. The resulting aerogels were characterized using low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared spectroscopy (IR). It was shown that the specific surface area of the aerogels significantly depends on the length of the alkyl substituent in the modified silane and can vary from 40 to 1375 m²/g. An increase in the length of the alkyl substituent also leads to increased hydrophobicity of the aerogel, up to the formation of superhydrophobic materials (contact angle is 163.7°).

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About the authors

I. O. Gozhikova

Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lenochka.chg@gmail.com

Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds

Russian Federation, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka, 142432

E. A. Straumal

Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: lenochka.chg@gmail.com

Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds

Russian Federation, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka, 142432

S. Yu. Kottsov

Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lenochka.chg@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

E. Yu. Postnova

Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lenochka.chg@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 2 Academician Ossipyan str., Chernogolovka, 142432

S. A. Lermontov

Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: lenochka.chg@gmail.com

Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds

Russian Federation, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka, 142432

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Supplementary files

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3. Fig. 1. Scheme of the synthesis of modified silanes.

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4. Fig. 2. Scheme of the gelation process (hydrolysis and condensation) of tetraalkoxysilane.

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5. Fig. 3. IR spectra of samples obtained using modified silanes as co-precursors.

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6. Fig. 4. Micrographs of aerogel samples SiO2-acet (a), SiO2-val (b), SiO2-pelarg (c) and SiO2-stear (d).

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7. Fig. 5. A drop of water (10 μl) on the surface of samples SiO2-pelarg (a) and SiO2-stear (b).

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8. Fig. 6. Complete nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms for modified aerogels. Pore size distribution (inset).

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