Genome size variation in diploid and polyploid mountain lizards of the genus Darevskia (Lacertidae, Squamata)

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The study of genome size variation in cells of vertebrates using the DNA flow cytometry makes it possible to precisely determine polyploid individuals, which is extremely important when studying the processes of reticulate speciation. In addition, in many groups of vertebrates, closely related species often differ in the nuclear DNA content. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to explore the variability of genome size and ploidy in populations of 29 species and subspecies of mountain lizards of the genus Darevskia, as well as their hybrids. As a result of the study, the range of variability in individuals of different ploidy (91% of diploid and 9% of triploid individuals) was established not to overlap. Among diploid species, no correlation was found between the nuclear DNA content and phylogenetic relationships, geographic coordinates, altitude, average annual temperatures and precipitation. Representatives of all studied species complexes (with the exception of D. adjarica) had approximately the same limits of variability. Two species (D. derjugini and D. saxicola) show significant intraspecific variability. Comparisons of the genome size of parthenogenetic and bisexual species generally revealed no noticeable differences between them. Studies of triploid hybrids have shown that their genome size as a whole roughly corresponds to the sum of the average size of the diploid genome of the maternal parthenogenetic species and the haploid genome of the paternal species. The variability of genome sizes within samples of triploid hybrids was on average slightly higher than in most parthenogenetic species, but some lower than in bisexual species. The paper discusses peculiarities of reticulate speciation in this group of animals.

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Sobre autores

S. Litvinchuk

Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Dagestan State University

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg, 196064; Makhachkala, 367025 Republic of Dagestan

N. Aksyonov

Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg, 196064

L. Borkin

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg, 199034

I. Doronin

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg, 199034

V. Erashkin

Russian State Agrarian University – K. A. Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy

Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, Moscow, 127550

A. Kidov

Russian State Agrarian University – K. A. Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy

Email: litvinchukspartak@yandex.ru
Rússia, Moscow, 127550

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2. Fig. 1. Map of rock lizard collection sites of the genus Darevskia. The insert in the upper right corner (A) covers the territory of northern Armenia. In the lower right corner is a photograph of D. lindholmi from Cape Fiolent (Sevastopol).

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3. Fig. 2. Variability (violin plots) of the amount of nuclear DNA in different species, subspecies and interspecific hybrids of rock lizards of the genus Darevskia.

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