Revision of the Acanthocyclops vernalis-robustus group (cyclopinae, cyclopoida, copepoda) from continental water bodies of the palaearctic with description of a new species

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Дәйексөз келтіру

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Аннотация

A revision of the complex vernalis-robustus group of Acanthocyclops, characterized by 17-segmented antennules and elongated caudal branches, from Palaearctic water bodies is carried out. In total, about 10 taxa of this group have been described from this region, including the invasive American species Acanthocyclops americanus (Marsh, 1892). After this revision, six taxa are recognized as valid, including another species, A. borutzkyi Chaban et Alekseev sp. n. from Sakhalin Island, described here as new. Acanthocyclops magistridussarti Stoch et Bruno, 2011, from groundwaters in Italy, is synonymized with A. orientalis Borutzky, 1966, which also inhabits caves in Primorye of Russia and in South Korea. Acanthocyclops trajani Mirabdullayev et Defaye, 2002 and A. einslei Mirabdullayev et Defaye, 2004, both described from France and Germany, are downgraded to junior synonyms of A. americanus and A. robustus (G. O. Sars, 1863), respectively. Descriptions of all six valid taxa are provided and an identification key is given to all species of this group from Palaearctic water bodies.

Толық мәтін

Рұқсат жабық

Авторлар туралы

V. Alekseev

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: alekseev@zin.ru
Ресей, Universitetskaya emb., 1 St. Petersburg, 199034

O. Chaban

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alekseev@zin.ru
Ресей, Universitetskaya emb., 1 St. Petersburg, 199034

Әдебиет тізімі

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Әрекет
1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Index of the level of distal setae. The index is the ratio of the distance from the attachment point of the outer seta to the distal end of the segment (b) to the distance from the attachment point of the distal inner seta to the distal end of the segment (a).

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3. Fig. 2. Acanthocyclops vernalis (Fischer, 1853): a–i, k – female; j – male; a – general view, dorsal; b – abdomen, ventral; c – basipodite A2, frontal; d – basipodite A2, caudal; e – maxilliped; f – maxillula; g – mandible; h – maxilla; i – P4, caudal; j – P5 and P6; k – intercoxal plate and spine of basipodite P1, frontal. Scale bar, µm: a – 200; b – 100; c–f, h–k – 50; g – 25.

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4. Fig. 3. Acanthocyclops robustus (G. O. Sars, 1863): a–f; h–j – female; g – male; a – general view, dorsal; b – genital somite and P5; c – caudal rami; d – basipodite A2, frontal; e – basipodite A2, caudal; f – P4, caudal; g – P6; h – intercoxal plate and spine of basipodite P1, frontal; i – maxilla; j – maxilliped. Scale bar, µm: a – 200, b–j – 50.

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5. Fig. 4. Acanthocyclops americanus (Marsh, 1983). a–j – female; k–m – male; a – general view; b – genital somite and P5; c – caudal rami; d, m – P5; e – basipodite A2, frontal view; f – basipodite A2, caudal view; g – maxilliped; h – maxilla; i – P4 Enp3; j – P4, caudal view, spinous form; k – abdomen; l – P6; m – P5. Scale bar, µm: a – 200; b, c, k – 100; g–j, l, m – 50; d–f – 25.

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6. Fig. 5. Acanthocyclops orientalis Borutzky, 1966: a–h – female; i – male; a, b – caudal rami; c – P4, caudal; d – P4 Enp3; e, f – P5; g – basipodite A2, frontal; h – basipodite A2, caudal; i – P5 and P6. a, d, f – Primorye (after: Borutsky, 1966); b, c, e, g–i – South Korea (after: Chang, 2009). Scale bar, µm: b, c – 50; e, g–i – 25.

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7. Fig. 6. Acanthocyclops europensis Karanovic, Bláha, 2019. Female: a – genital somite, ventral; b – genital somite, dorsal; c – caudal rami, dorsal; d – basipodite A2; e – P4; f – P5 (after: Karanovic, Bláha, 2019). Scale bar, µm: a–c – 100; d–f – 50.

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8. Fig. 7. Acanthocyclops borutzkyi Chaban, Alekseev sp. n. Female: a – habitus; b – genital segment and P5; c – caudal rami, ventral; d – A2, caudal; e – basipodite of A2, frontal; f – P4; g – maxilliped. Scale bar, µm: a – 200; b–f – 50; g – 25.

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9. Fig. 8. Acanthocyclops borutzkyi Chaban, Alekseev sp. n. Female: a – P1, b – P2, c – P3, d – P6, e – labrum, f – P4, g – maxillule, h – mandible, i – antennule. Male: j – P5 and P6. Scale bar, µm: a, b, c, f, i – 50; d, e, g, h, j – 20.

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10. Fig. 9. Phylogenetic relationships of A. americanus, A. robustus, and A. vernalis based on maximum likelihood analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences (after Miracle et al., 2013).

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