Simvastatin Enhanced Anti-tumor Effects of Bevacizumab against Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells via Abating HIF-1α-Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway


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Background: Bevacizumab increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) expression attenuates its antitumor effect. Simvastatin can reduce the expression of HIF-1α to exert a tumor-suppressive effect in many in vitro experiments. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether simvastatin could strengthen the anti-tumor activity of bevacizumab in lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To determine whether simvastatin could strengthen the anti-tumor activity of bevacizumab in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The changes in the biological behavior of A549 cells treated with different drugs were determined through colony forming assay, Cell Counting Assay-8 (CCK-8), transwell assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry. The expressions of pathway-related factors HIF-1α and β-Catenin were determined via qRT-PCR and western blotting. The expressions of proliferation-related proteins, invasion-related proteins, and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blotting. In addition, a xenograft non-small cell lung cancer model in nude mice was used to explore in vivo tumor growth.

Results: We found that simvastatin combined with bevacizumab synergistically suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells while promoting their apoptosis. As demonstrated by qRT-PCR and western blotting experiments, the bevacizumab group displayed a higher expression of pathway-related factors HIF-1α and β-Catenin than the control groups, however simvastatin group showed the opposite trend. Its combination with bevacizumab induced elevation of HIF-1α and β-catenin expressions. During in vivo experiments, simvastatin inhibited tumor growth, and in comparison, the inhibitory effects of its combination with bevacizumab were stronger.

Conclusion: Based on our findings, simvastatin may affect the biological responses of bevacizumab on A549 cells by restraining the HIF-1α-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus representing a novel and effective combination therapy that can be potentially applied in a clinical therapy for lung adenocarcinoma.

Sobre autores

Xin Tu

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Jian Zhang

Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Wei Yuan

Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xia Wu

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Zhi Xu

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Cuo Qing

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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