Solanum tuberosum L. phytoene synthase genes (StPSY1, StPSY2, StPSY3) participate in the potato plant’s response to cold stress

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The structure and phylogeny of the genes StPSY1, StPSY2 and StPSY3, encoding phytoene synthases from Solanum tuberosum L., were characterized. The expression of these genes in potato seedlings was studied in response to exposure to cold stress in the dark phase of the diurnal cycle as an imitation of night cooling. It was found that all three genes are activated when the temperature decreases, and the greatest response is observed for StPSY1. The response of the StPSY3 gene to cold stress and photoperiod has been demonstrated for the first time. A search was carried out for cis-regulatory elements in the promoter region and 5´-UTR of the StPSY genes and it was shown that the regulation of all three genes is associated with the response to light. The high level of low-temperature activation of the StPSY1 gene may be associated with the presence of cis-elements associated with sensitivity to cold and ABA.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

A. V. Kulakova

Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: kulakova_97@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. V. Shchennikova

Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kulakova_97@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. Z. Kochieva

Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kulakova_97@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

References

  1. Stra A., Almarwaey L. O., Alagoz Y., et al. Carotenoid Metabolism: New Insights and Synthetic Approaches // Front. Plant Sci. 2023. V. 13. P. 1072061.
  2. Shumskaya M., Bradbury L. M.T., Monaco R. R., et al. Plastid Localization of the Key Carotenoid Enzyme Phytoene Synthase is Altered by Isozyme, Allelic Variation, and Activity[W] // Plant Cell. 2012. V. 24(9). P. 3725–3741.
  3. Stauder R., Welsch R., Camagna M., et al. Strigolactone Levels in Dicot Roots are Determined by an Ancestral Symbiosis-regulated Clade of the PHYTOENE SYNTHASE Gene Family // Front. Plant Sci. 2018. V. 9. P. 255.
  4. Bartley G.E., Viitanen P.V., Bacot K.O., et al. A Tomato Gene Expressed During Fruit Ripening Encodes an Enzyme of the Carotenoid Biosynthesis Pathway // J. Biol. Chem. 1992. V. 267(8). P. 5036–5039.
  5. Bartley G.E., Scolnik P.A. cDNA Cloning, Expression During Development, and Genome Mapping of PSY2, a Second Tomato Gene Encoding Phytoene Synthase // J. Biol. Chem. 1993. V. 268(34). P. 25718–25721.
  6. Li F.Q., Vallabhaneni R., Wurtzel E.T. PSY3, a New Member of the Phytoene Synthase Gene Family Conserved in the Poaceae and Regulator of Abiotic Stress-induced Root Carotenogenesis // Plant Physiol. 2008. V. 146(3). P. 1333–1345.
  7. Welsch R., Wust F., Bar C., et al. A Third Phytoene Synthase is Devoted to Abiotic Stress-induced Abscisic Acid Formation in Rice and Defines Functional Diversification of Phytoene Synthase Genes // Plant Physiol. 2008. V. 147(1). P. 367–380.
  8. Li F., Vallabhaneni R., Yu J., Rocheford T., et al. The Maize Phytoene Synthase Gene Family: Overlapping Roles for Carotenogenesis in Endosperm, Photomorphogenesis, and Thermal Stress Tolerance // Plant Physiol. 2008. V. 147(3). P. 1334–1346.
  9. Fantini E., Falcone G., Frusciante S., et al. Dissection of Tomato Lycopene Biosynthesis through Virus-induced Gene Silencing // Plant Physiol. 2013. V. 163(2). P. 986–998.
  10. Lisboa M.P., Canal D., Filgueiras J.P.C., et al. Molecular Evolution and Diversification of Phytoene Synthase (PSY) Gene Family // Genetics and Molecular Biology. 2022. V. 45(4). P. e20210411.
  11. Valcarcel J., Reilly K., Gaffney M., et al. Levels of Potential Bioactive Compounds Including Carotenoids, Vitamin C and Phenolic Compounds, and Expression of Their Cognate Biosynthetic Genes Vary Significantly in Different Varieties of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown Under Uniform Cultural Conditions // J. Sci. Food Agric. 2016. V. 96(3). P. 1018–1026.
  12. Кулакова А.В., Щенникова А.В., Кочиева Е.З. Экспрессия генов биогенеза каротиноидов в процессе длительного холодового хранения клубней картофеля // Генетика. 2023. Т. 59(8). С. 914–928.
  13. Giorio G., Stigliani A.L., D'Ambrosio C. Phytoene Synthase Genes in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.): New Data on the Structures, the Deduced Amino Acid Sequences and the Expression Patterns // FEBS Letters. 2008. V. 275. P. 527–535.
  14. Ryczek N., Łyś A., Makałowska I. The Functional Meaning of 5'UTR in Protein-coding Genes // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023. V. 24(3). P. 2976.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. a – Comparative alignment of amino acid sequences of StPSY1, StPSY2 and StPSY3. The solid line underlines the phytoene synthase domain of PLN02632, the dashed line – the beginning of the domain in StPSY3 (NCBI_CDD, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). Putative cleavage sites of the transit peptide are in the boxes. Amino acids variable between the three proteins are highlighted in blue, and conserved in two of the three proteins are highlighted in red. b – Phylogenetic dendrogram constructed by comparing 13 amino acid sequences using the maximum likelihood method (Maximum Likelihood, JTT model, bootstrap 1000) in the MEGA7 program (https://www.megasoftware.net/). The length of branches is measured by the number of substitutions per site, and the percentage of trees in which related taxa are grouped together is indicated at the base of branches. The sequences of phytoene synthases PSY1, PSY2, and PSY3 homologues from Solanaceae species S. tuberosum (St), S. lycopersicum (Sl), Capsicum annuum (Ca), and a model species of Dicotyledons, A. thaliana (At), were used for the analysis. NCBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) or SolGenomics (https://www.solgenomics.net/) accession numbers are given next to the names of the analyzed proteins.

Download (701KB)
Indexing metadata
3. Fig. 2. Expression level of the StPSY1 (NCBI Gene ID 102593756), StPSY2 (102589336), and StPSY3 (102603193) genes in the leaf tissue of control (1) and experimental (2) seedlings [0 h 23°C (‘0’); 6 h dark phase, 23°C/3°C (‘6’); 4 h light phase 23°C (‘12’)] of the Lady Claire potato variety. Day and night periods are indicated under the graphs by white and gray boxes, respectively. Primers: PSY1 (5´-catgctcgatggtgctttgtc-3´ and 5´-gacttcctcaagtccatacgca-3´); PSY2 (5´-aactgagctctgctagtagatg-3´ and 5´-gcactagagatcttgcataagca-3´); PSY3 (5´-gcctagtttagccattcaatagac-3´ and 5´-gcctagagttgatcgaacgattc-3´). Data were normalized to two reference genes: ef11 (LOC102600998; 5´-attggaaacggatatgctcca-3´ and 5´-tccttacctgaacgcctgtca-3´) and SEC3A (LOC102599118; 5´-gcttgcacacgccatatcaat-3´ and 5´-tggattttaccaccttccgca-3´). Statistical processing (one-way ANOVA; “multiple comparisons, corrected with Bonferroni test”) was performed using GraphPad Prism v. 8 (GraphPad Software Inc., USA) based on two biological and three technical replicates (p < 0.05 for significant differences); in the table (on the right), p-values ​​for insignificant differences are highlighted in red.

Download (409KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences