Score exposition of chemical loads and their association with occupational risks in the modern manufacture of polyvinyl chloride

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Abstract

Introduction. In the modern production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), despite relatively low levels of air pollution of the working zone of the harmful substances, the problem of the negative effects of chemical factors on organism remains topical In this regard, the objective of the present study was the quantitative estimation of exposure of chemical loads (ECL) priority toxicants in PVC production and the identification of associated links with health indices.

Material and methods. In the work of the applied methods of hygienic studies using a methodology for assessing occupational risks of the method of calculation of exposure to the chemical load. To justify a connection with the profession of morbidity used method of correlation analysis.

Results. In PVC production average settlement values of ECL priority substances (vinyl chloride and 1.2 dichloroethane) for the 10-year period were was shown to gradually decrease and be statistically significantly higher: during the first five-year period in comparison with the second, at mechanics in comparison with bureaucrats, in the shop of production of PVC in comparison with the shop of production of VH (р <0.01; р <0.001). When studying the health state of workers, the high prevalence of occupational risks was also noted rather functional violations of a cardiovascular system (31.2±5.1), neurologic frustration (28.0±3.2), functional violations of a digestion system (26.3±3.4). At medical examination diseases of a cardiovascular system (43.4±5.9), the nervous system (29.5±4.9), the system of digestion had the greatest prevalence (19.7±4.0). Correlation relationships between separate indices of the violation of health and quantitative indices of ECL are revealed.

Conclusion. For example, in employees of a modern PVC production, the results demonstrate it to be possible to identify an association between health and ECL, reflecting the cumulative impact of chemical pollutants production media after years of work at the enterprise. There was confirmed the usefulness of calculations specified ECL for linking disease with an occupation, particularly in the context of the effects of low concentrations of chemicals.

About the authors

Nina M. Meshchakova

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Author for correspondence.
Email: nina.meschakova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9772-0199

MD, Ph.D., DSci., Associate Professor, researcher of the of ecological and hygienic researches, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation.

e-mail: nina.meschakova@yandex.ru

Russian Federation

S. F. Shayakhmetov

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8740-3133
Russian Federation

E. P. Lemeshevskaya

Irkutsk State Medical University

Email: nina.meschakova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7864-5998
Russian Federation

O. M. Zhurba

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9961-6408
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2019 Meshchakova N.M., Shayakhmetov S.F., Lemeshevskaya E.P., Zhurba O.M.


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