卷 102, 编号 12 (2023)

Introduction. Environmental pollution leads to the need for regular monitoring and analysis of the content of toxic elements in the components of the environment and biosubstrates of the population to determine the degree of contamination of the territory, their accumulation in the body and assess the risk of health disorders.

Materials and methods. Samples of snow cover were taken from eleven different sections of functional zones, and 52 hair samples were examined in two groups of children in different schools of the city. Determination of the content of water–soluble heavy metals and arsenic (HMAr) was carried out by atomic absorption method on the AAC-240 DUO “Agilent Technolgies” device.

Results. In the snow cover of individual functional zones of Svirsk, a significant excess of Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, and As content was found in comparison with background values in the range of 2–11 times. Indicator elements (Mn, Cr, Zn, Cd, As) reflecting the specifics of increased accumulation of HMAr in the hair of children in different areas of the city were identified. Strong correlations (r = 0.78–0.83) were established between the content of HMAr in the snow cover near schools and in the hair in the examined groups of children.

Limitations. The assessment of content of HMs in the snow cover and in the hair in children population was evaluated without determining the accumulation of elements in the soil and migration to plant cultures.

Conclusion. The revealed high levels of accumulation of HMAr in the snow cover and hair in children in Svirsk, due to the significant anthropogenic impact of emissions from industrial enterprises, motor vehicles, and residential households, indicate the tension of the environmental situation in the city and the need to implement a set of measures to improve it.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of research set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (ed. 2013). All study participants signed an informed consent form.

Contribution:
Shayakhmetov S.F. — research concept and design, interpretation of results, text writing, editing;
Merinov A.V. — sample analysis and data processing, analysis of research results, editing, design of tables, references;
Zhurba O.M. — research concept and design, search for information;
Alekseenko A.N. — concept and design of the study, collection of material.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship. The work was performed within the framework of funds allocated for the implementation of the state task East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Received: June 9, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. In industrial cities, the problem of environmental pollution by supertoxicants, which include the class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is especially acute. Since among PAHs there are substances that have a carcinogenic effect, their quantitative identification in environmental objects is an urgent task.

Materials and methods. The content of PAHs and petroleum products (PP) in the soil of an industrial city, taken in various functional zones, was studied. Determination of sixteen PAHs was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with optimized sample preparation. It is proposed to determine PAHs by GC-MS using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Petroleum products (PP) were determined by the fluorimetric method.

Results. Total PAHs content (ΣPAH) varied from 7.50 to 319.11 µg/kg. ΣPAH-carcinogens in the residential and sanitary protection zones was on average 25.1–31.2 times higher than in the background site. PP content levels in urban soils ranged from 3.0 to 62.4 mg/kg.

Limitations. The study is limited to the study of the upper layers of soil up to 5 cm. The possibility of PAH migration into groundwater has not been studied.

Conclusion. The structure of PAHs was dominated by 4-6-nuclear structures: dibenz(a,h)anthracene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, fluoranthene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, etc., making up > 87% of the total amount of PAHs. The proportion of these polyarenes in the total ΣPAH in the residential area increases by 1.3 times compared to the background, which indicates the possibility of their technogenic origin. The PAH and PP indicators are characterized by a scatter of data and, as a result, a large influence of the local factor on the formation of soil cover pollution.

Compliance with ethical standards: the study does not require submission of the Biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Contribution:
Zhurba O.M. — the concept and design of the study, analysis of the material, statistical processing, writing the text;
Merinov A.V. — collection of literature data, research, statistical processing, writing the text;
Shayakhmetov S.F. — the concept and design of the study, editing, discussion of the results;
Alekseenko A.N. — collection and processing of material, field work, research.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Acknowledgment. The work was performed within the framework of funds allocated for the implementation of the state task East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Received: May 5, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. Predicting occupational hearing loss is a promising direction in the health protection of industrial workers.

The purpose of the study is to develop and test a methodology for assessing the probability of hearing loss caused by noise, taking into account quantitative criteria for assessing the degree of hearing loss adopted in the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. The assessment of the probability of hearing loss caused by noise is carried out in accordance with GOST R ISO 1999–2017 and includes the determination of age, noise, and general hearing loss. To quantify the degree of hearing loss, a combination of audiometric frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz is used in accordance with the classification of the degree of hearing loss caused by noise. The probability of occupational hearing loss caused by noise (%) is determined by plotting the distribution of probabilistic hearing thresholds due to age and noise for the corresponding percentiles (10, 50, 90%).

Results. The developed methodology complements and specifies the requirements of GOST R ISO 1999-2017 with respect to the combination of audiometric frequencies, according to which the probability of hearing loss caused by noise is assessed. The boundary thresholds of audibility, the excess of which indicates the presence of a certain degree of hearing loss. Based on the developed methodology, the probabilistic thresholds of audibility at noise exposure of 85, 90, 95, 100 dBA are calculated. The probability of occuptional hearing loss is determined depending on age, work experience, and noise exposure.

Limitations. The limitations of the study are determined by the features of the model for assessing hearing loss due to noise exposure according to GOST ISO 1999–2017 and the criteria for assessing the degree of hearing loss in noise workers at audiometric frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz.

Conclusion. The developed algorithm will make it possible to determine the probability of hearing loss caused by noise, predict the timing of the development of occupational hearing loss depending on the intensity and duration of noise exposure, the age of the employee, and develop risk-oriented preventive programs.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the conclusion of the Biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Contribution:
Preobrazhenskaya E.A. — research concept, collection and processing of material, work with literary sources, writing text, editing;
Sukhova A.V. — research concept, writing text, work with literary sources, editing;
Yatsyna I.V. — research concept, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 30, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. Workers with vibration disease (VD) are at greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS). Timely diagnosis and prevention of MS accompanying VD is very important, since medical measures at the early period can not only stop the occurrence of complications, but also contribute to the reverse development of individual symptoms. Currently, the state of the immune system of VD patients with MS remains one of the poorly studied questions.

Materials and methods. Serum cytokines: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ were determined by ELISA.

Results. A significant increase in IL-1β, IL-4, IL-17, TNF-α relative to the comparison group was found in VD patients with MS and in those with VD without MS. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the intergroup comparison of cytokines, while a pronounced tendency to increase changes in the cytokine profile in persons with VD aggravated with MS is noteworthy. Depending on the duration of vibration exposure, hyperproduction of IL-17, TNF-α, IL-4 and a decrease in INF-γ in the highly trained group were noted if compared with less trained workers. A negative correlation relationship between vibration experience and IL-8 content was revealed in VD patients with MS with less than 20 years of experience. If the duration of work is more than 20 years in VD persons with MS, there are direct correlations between experience and IL-4 and IL-17 levels and feedback with the concentration of INF-γ.

Limitations. The limitations of this work are small groups of employees.

Conclusion. Increased levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in VD patients with MS indicate the activation of inflammation processes, in the mechanisms of induction of which, both a change in the reactivity of the immune system and a violation of metabolic processes in workers with prolonged exposure to physical factors may play a role.

Compliance with ethical standards. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards the 2013 Helsinki declaration and Order No. 200n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of 01.04.2016 “On Approval of Good Clinical Practice Rules”.

Contribution:
Boklazhenko E.V. — research concept and design, collection and processing of material, writing text, statistical processing;
Bodienkova G.M. — research concept and design, collection and processing of material, writing text, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The work was performed within the framework of funds allocated for the implementation of the state task East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Received: September 29, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. The pain in the lower back (BCC) has a wide distribution among the working people’s age and is a frequent cause of temporary disability. The identification of risk factors for the back pain is necessary to address expert issues and developing measures for prevention of incidence.

Materials and methods. There were studied prevalence odds ratio (OR) for the development of the low back pain (LBP) in two thousand nine hundred fifteen working patients with different indicators of hardness of the labour process and levels of physical activity (PA).

Results. According to the special assessment of the working conditions, the harmful (3^rd) class of hardness of the labour process in comparison with the 1^st and 2^nd classes (optimal and permissible) increased the LBP prevalence from 31.6 to 37.1% with OR = 1.27 at 95% Ci (1.03–1.43), p < 0.05. No reliable differences were obtained under comparing classes separately with the 1st class. According to the International questionnaire of physical activity, the LBP prevalence under an intensive PA is 29.3% with OR = 1.5 at 95% CI (1.6–2.11), at a low PA — 37.2% with OR = 2.15 at 95% Ci (1.07–4.3). The smallest LBP prevalence was revealed in a moderate PA mode throughout the day (21.6%).

Limitations. The present study has a limitation associated with the inconsistency of cards for special assessment of working conditions and the International questionnaire cards.

Conclusion. Data were obtained about the absence of reliable differences in the distribution and odds ratio for the development of LBP between workers by classes of hardness of the labour process. Workers with moderate and low PA have reliably low LBP prevalence.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study is approved by the local ethical committee of Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation, was carried out in accordance with the European Convention on Clinical Research (Protocol No. 1 of June 18, 2018).

Contribution:
Shirokov V.A. — concept and design of research, material collection and data processing, statistical processing, writing text;
Terekhov N.L. — collection of material and data processing, writing text;
Potaturko A.V. — collecting material and data processing, writing text.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 30, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. High ductility, electrical and thermal conductivity, and resistance to corrosion determine a high demand of the national economy for refined copper, thus necessitating a comprehensive study of the occupational environment and health status in workers employed in this branch of non-ferrous metallurgy.

The purpose of our study was to assess the morbidity with temporal disability in workers engaged in the fire and electrolytic refining of copper.

Materials and methods. Morbidity with temporal disability in both male and female workers was studied by means of its detailed personal record at one of the large copper refineries of the Middle Urals.

Results. Among those engaged in copper smelting, the highest morbidity with temporal disability rates per one hundred workers were registered among repairers and auxiliary personnel (95.3 sick leave episodes and 1,147.8 days) in men and among overhead crane operators (52.8 episodes and 657.6 days) in women. In the copper electrolysis shop, the highest rates were noted among both men (86.7 episodes and 954.0 days) and women (77.8 episodes and 841.2 days) constituting the core personnel. We established that in the study cohort lung diseases ranked first among the causes of the morbidity with temporal disability followed by musculoskeletal diseases.

Limitations. Such a study is feasible only at the enterprises that record and measure morbidity with temporal disability due to work.

Conclusions. Our findings may indicate work-relation of morbidity with temporal disability in male repairers and auxiliary personnel, as well as female crane operators engaged in fire refining of copper and in both male and female core personnel engaged in electrolytic refining.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 49 of March 15, 2011).

Contribution:
Lipatov G.Ya. — study conception and design, draft manuscript preparation;
Adrianovsky V.I. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation;
Naritsyna Yu.N. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation;
Samylkin A.A. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation;
Zlygosteva N.V. — statistical data analysis, draft manuscript preparation;
Gogoleva O.I. – draft manuscript preparation;
Guselnikov S.R. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 20, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. Modern learning environment is a source of potential risk for the development of neurological problems among schoolchildren.

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of ergonomic factors of workplaces on the functional state of the nervous system in older adolescents in the modern educational environment.

Materials and methods. The ergonomic assessment of workplaces in the school at the individual workplace was given; the study of subjective complaints from the nervous system in adolescents and related factors during the questionnaire survey of schoolchildren and parents. Indicators of the functional state of the nervous system in adolescents were evaluated using the method of M.P. Moroz.

Results. Headache complaints are highly prevalent among adolescents. In the course of the study, we found that staying in an irrational working posture increases the likelihood of headaches among adolescents. In addition, the irrationality of the working posture and the mismatch of the size of educational furniture with the anthropometric data of adolescents, statistically significantly affect the on the change in the indicators of the functional state of the nervous system in adolescents.

Limitations. Limitations of the study include the fact that the study included groups of 15–16-year adolescents. The study is also limited by the fact that it was cross-sectional in nature. Studies investigating the influence of school ergonomic factors on the state of the nervous system of schoolchildren in dynamics may be promising.

Conclusion. To prevent damage to the nervous system, it is important to observe ergonomic principles, teach adolescents to maintain a rational working posture in school.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local ethical committee of the Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health Care of Russia (excerpt from protocol no. 3 of March 26, 2019).

Contribution:
Ablyaeva A.V. — material collection and data processing, statistical processing, text writing;
Fathutdinova L.M. — work supervisor, research concept and design, editing.
All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment. The research was supported by a grant from the International Scientific Council for Young Scientists of Kazan State Medical University. The research was supported by the Strategic Academic Leadership Program of Kazan State Medical University (Priority 2030). The  research was supported by Rosmolodezh. Grants.

Received: October 30, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Environmental contamination by polymer wastes and microplastics (MPs) has recently become important for health care, due to the emergence of a lot of evidence that MPs affect the health of living organisms, including humans.

MPs commonly presented in drinking water and various groups of food products, and are found in human stool, colon tissue, and blood samples. When MPs are orally ingested, the first object for their interaction with the organism is the gastrointestinal microbiota. Considering the essential importance of the intestinal microbiota for human health, the study of the negative consequences of such contact becomes very important.

The results of “in vitro” and “in vivo” experimental studies summarized in the review indicate MPs to have negative effects on the microbial community composition and of the intestinal barrier state, and are themselves subject to microbial degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. “In vivo” studies, the entry of MPs into the intestine is accompanied by an increase in α-diversity of the microbiota, presumably due to foreign microorganisms attached to the particles, including those in as part of biofilms formed on their surfaces.

Competing with representatives of normal intestinal flora, these microorganisms are able to enzymatically degrade or overcome the mucosal barrier. Simultaneously the biofilm matrix associate with intestinal mucus and provides MPs particles with retention in the mucin layer and direct contact with the apical part of epitheliocytes. This leads to irritation, local inflammation, and damage to the intestinal barrier.

MPs and their biotransformation products can also systemically affect the host organism, translocating from the intestine into the bloodstream.

The review emphasizes that to identify and characterize the health risks associated with the intake of various MPs from food, studies assessing their interaction with the microbiota and biotransformation pathways in the intestine are necessary.

Contribution:
Sheveleva S.A., Markova Yu.M. — writing and editing of the text;
Khotimchenko S.A. — editing of the text;
Efimochkina N.R., Minaeva L.P., Bykova I.B., Zinurova E.E., Smotrina Yu.V., Polyanina A.S., Stetsenko V.V. — data collection and analysis.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. This work was carried out within the framework of the Program of Fundamental Scientific Research project of the Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian Federation No FGMF-2023-0005.

Received: November 11, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. In recent decades, the prevalence of nutritionally-dependent diseases has acquired the effect of globalization, which in general causes an increase in deaths from chronic non-communicable diseases and the emergence of socio-economic damage.

The aim of the study is to assess the socio-economic damage caused by non-communicable nutritionally-dependent diseases among the population of the Republic of Buryatia.

Materials and methods. The mortality rates of the population of the Republic of Buryatia due to non-communicable nutritionally-dependent diseases over 2011–2020 have been studied. Based on the principle of potential demography, social and economic damage due to premature mortality from these causes is calculated.

Results. It was shown that share of the mortality from alimentary-dependent pathology in the Republic of Buryatia accounted for20.80% (20.54; 21.05) of all the mortality of the able-bodied population. Social losses annually averaged 52586.80 (50314.48; 54859.12) of non-lived person-years to the end of working age. Associated probable economic losses in the aggregate for the specified period from 33779.65 to 56299.42 million rubles.

Conclusion. The analysis carried out in this work showed not only the significance of demographic losses from non-communicable nutritionally-dependent diseases, but also the significance of socio-economic damage. Together, this serves as objective evidence of the justified need for financial obligations to protect and promote the health of the population of the Republic of Buryatia to reduce the prevalence of risk factors through the prism of increasing awareness of a healthy lifestyle, including the principles of optimal nutrition.

Limitations. The results of this study are due only to direct socio-economic losses, excluding indirect losses, which requires further research.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in compliance with the ethical principles set forth in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association of the last revision, and the approval of the Local Ethical Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “East Siberian Institute of Medical and Environmental Research” (conclusion No. 1 of January 14, 2021).

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: June 02, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: Dcember 28, 2023

Introduction. Titanium dioxide in the Russian Federation is approved for use in the food industry, in the production of medicines and hygiene products. The food additive E171 is a mixture of micro- and nanoparticles of TiO₂. In 2010, IARC classified TiO₂ in nanoform as a probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In vitro and in vivo studies of the genotoxicity of titanium dioxide revealed contradictory results, indicating both the presence and absence of TiO₂ mutagenicity.

The aim of the work is to evaluate the mutagenicity of the food additive E171 in the Ames test using standard and modified protocols.

Materials and methods. The ability of food additive E171 (China) to induce reverse gene mutations in 5 strains of Salmonella typhimurium was studied under standard and modified conditions (cultivation of bacteria in the presence of methylated b-cyclodextrin (MCD) and/or pre-incubation for 1 hour in potassium phosphate buffer, pH 5.5 containing 10 mM NaCl and/or 3M MCD).

Results. A sample of food additive E171 based on rutile titanium dioxide does not induce gene mutations in S. typhimurium in standard experiments. Modification of the Ames test protocol (decrease of the incubation mixture pH, addition of 10 mM NaCl) revealed statistically significant dose-dependent effects in TA100, TA98, and TA97 strains under metabolic incubation conditions. However, the fold increase of the number of revertants in the experimental plates compared to the negative control was < 2.

Limitations. The research is limited to the mutagenicity assessment of food additive E171 (titanium dioxide) in the Ames test.

Conclusion. The evaluation of the mutagenicity of titanium dioxide in other in vitro and in vivo tests taking into account the size and shape of the particles, is necessary to resolve the issue of its genetic safety as a food dye. A full range of studies will be performed on other samples of titanium dioxide presented in the market of the Russian Federation.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not need the approval of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Contribution:
Tsareva A.A. — collection of material, collection of literature data;|
Egorov O.V. — concept and design of research, collection of literature data, analysis of results, writing text;
Demidova Yu.V. — collection of material;
Ilyushina N.A. — concept and design of research, analysis of results, writing text.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: July 25, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. The study is relevant due to the necessity to adequately assess the effectiveness of activities performed within the “Clean Air” Federal Project using ambient air quality and public health risks as key performance indicators.

The purpose of the work was to comparatively assess ambient air quality and airborne health risks for Bratsk population over 2020 –2022 when activities planned within the “Clean Air” Federal Project were being implemented in the city.

Materials and methods. The analysis was based on data obtained by instrumental measurements of ambient air quality performed within social-hygienic monitoring programs. More than thirty thousand measuring results were considered; they covered 20 chemicals and were taken at two monitoring posts. Carcinogenic and acute and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks were assessed in conformity with the existing regulatory documents.

Results. Between 2020 and 2022, a decrease in ground levels of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and some other technogenic chemicals was registered at social-hygienic monitoring posts in Bratsk. These chemicals were subject to specific activities stipulated by the “Clean Air” Federal Project and performed by economic entities. However, public health risks remained impermissible. Thus, an acute risk of respiratory diseases equaled 3.24 during 2022 and a chronic risk of respiratory diseases reached 5.43 in the same year whereas their permissible level should not exceed 3.0.

Limitations. Analysis is possible only if there is a sufficient number of instrumental studies at points located in residential buildings to assess the risk (least 300 one-time or 75 daily samples for each impurity).

Conclusion. The study results indicate still necessary to take further efforts to provide a safer environment for Bratsk population and to continue monitoring of chemicals that create impermissible health risks. The most important task is to manage systemic operative data exchange between systems for environmental and social-hygienic monitoring to provide adequate assessment of a sanitary-hygienic situation as well as objective evaluation of key performance indicators of the “Clean Air” Federal Project

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require any statement on compliance with ethical principles.

Contribution:
May I.V. — writing the text, design of the article;
Kleyn S.V. — data analysis;
Maksimova E.V. — data collection and primary analysis.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 30, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

Introduction. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) refer to the group of priority environmental pollutants that enter the human body by inhalation, orally, through the skin, causing a long-term impact on metabolic processes, chronic and oncological diseases. To assess the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the health of the population, it is actual to evaluate their content in human biological media.

The purpose of the study is to develop and apply a methodology for determining the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, anthracene, the 9-methylanthracene, pyrene and benz (a) pyrene) in the blood by a method of highly efficient liquid chromatography with fluoremetric detection (HPLC-FDD) for social and hygienic monitoring problems.

Materials and methods. The object of research was biological media (blood samples). Studies on the development of the technique were carried out on the Shimadzu liquid chromatograph with a fluoremetric detector RF-20A. The approximation of the technique was carried out within the framework of deeper studies of children health in residents in territories with various exposure levels.

Results. The conditions for sample production and parameters of the chromatographic analysis of blood PAH by the HPLC / FDD method were established. The degree of extraction of PAH from the blood by the method of liquid extraction was 77-100%. The analysis of blood PAH showed average group concentrations to be reliably higher (p < 0.05) in the biological media in children living in the zone of influence of emissions of industrial enterprises. Priority compounds detected in the blood of the students are pyrene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene.

Limitations are due to the period of selection of biological media of the different age groups in the territories of the Russian Federation with various levels of exposure. The expansion of the list of the populations can become a direction of further research on assessing the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on human health.

Conclusion. The developed methodology can be used in hygienic studies for assessing the risk of conditions of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for health of residents in the territories with different anthropogenic loads.

Compliance with ethical standards. Medical and biological studies are approved by the local ethical committee at the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Risk Management for Health of the Population” (a statement from Protocol No. 2 of February 17, 2014). Studies were carried out with the objectives of the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (1975 with additional 1983) and the National Standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52379-2005 “Proper Clinical Practice” (ICH E6 GCP) in the presence of a written informed voluntary agreement from legal representatives of children.

Contribution:
Zaitseva N.V. — Concept and design of research, scientific consultation, editing;
Nusrislamova T.V. — Concept and design of research, consultation, editing;
Karnazhitskaya T.D. — writing text, processing of material;
Starchikova M.O. — Collection and processing of material.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study was performed with support of the federal budget.

Received: September 5, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 28, 2023

15 декабря 2023 г. исполнилось 75 лет доктору медицинских наук, заслуженному врачу Российской Федерации Владимиру Борисовичу Гурвичу.

Более полувека своей трудовой деятельности Владимир Борисович посвятил сохранению и улучшению санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия и здоровья населения нашей страны.